| 中脘 Zhōng wǎn | Partie moyenne de l'estomac (Pan 1993) Cavité centrale de l'estomac (Lade 1994) Milieu de l'estomac (Laurent 2000) | Milieu de l'estomac (Nguyen Van Nghi 1971) Central venter (Ellis 1989) |
|---|
| Origine | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Dacang, 大仓(倉) | Grand magasin (Guillaume 1995 ) | Zhen jiu da quan | |
| Shangji, 上纪(紀) | Mettre en ordre le haut (Guillaume 1995 ) Tri supérieur (Laurent 2000) | Upper Regulator (Ellis 1989) | Selon le Su wen, chapitre « Qi xue lun », commentaires de Wang Bing, le Lei jing tu yi précise que c'est le nom secondaire de Zhong wan, alors que le Zhen jiu da quan dit que c'est celui de Shang wan-13VC (Guillaume 1995) |
| Taicang, 太仓(倉) | Suprême magasin (Guillaume 1995 ) Estomac (Laurent 2000) | Supreme Granary (Ellis 1989) | Zhen jiu xue ci dian |
| Weimu, 胃募 | Faire appel à l'estomac (Guillaume 1995 ) Mu de l'estomac (Laurent 2000) | Stomach Mu (Ellis 1989) | Zhong guo zhen jiu xue tu jie ci dian |
| Weiwan, 胃脘 | Estomac (Guillaume 1995, Laurent 2000) | Venter (Ellis 1989) | Zhen jiu xue ci dian |
| Zhongguan, 中管 | Noeud du milieu (Guillaume 1995) Centre de l'estomac (Laurent 2000) | Central Duct (Ellis 1989) | Mai jing |
Shangwan ( CV13), Zhongwan ( CV12) and Xiawan (CV10) are three important adupoints on the Conception Channel, however, the traditional records of their locations are not unified. Through searching and comparing the ancient and modern literatures recording the surface locations of the three acupoints and consulting modern topography about anatomical structures of them, we figure out the distinct anatomical structures of these points on different anatomy levels and their corresponding Zang - fu organs inside body, which aims to provide reference to the clinical application and acupuncture security of the three acupoints
.
Remarque: La longueur de l'appendice xiphoïde diffère selon la taille d'un individu, et peut atteindre 1 cun. Mai Jing se fonde sur cette mesure pour situer ce point à 4 cun ou à 3 cun au-dessous de l'appendice xiphoïde. Dans Qian Jin, quatre travers de doigt représentent 3 ou 4 cun. Jia Yi localise le point à 1 cun au-dessous de Shangwan 13VC (R.M.13), ce qui correspond à 4 cun au-dessus du milieu du nombril. Toutes ces définitions sont plus ou moins semblables. Ce point se trouve sur l'épigastre, sur la ligne médiane antérieure, à 4 cun au-dessus du milieu du nombril.
Objective To anatomically observe the qi -getting layer of point Zhongwan with deep insertion of an elongated needle. Methods In 25 patients with deep insertion of an elongated needle into point Zhongwan, local spiral CT scan was performed after getting qi to obtain an abdominal cross-section CT image of the elongated needle route and the needle tip position for analysis and study of anatomic structure. Results In 25 patients with the tip of an elongated needle in the abdominal cavity, it was situated at the side of gastric lesser curvature in 3 cases, at the right border of superior mesenteric vein in 5 cases, at the left border of inferior mesenteric vein in 1 cases, at the head of pancreas in 2 cases. at the place connecting the pancreatic head and body in 5 cases, at the anterior border of inferior vena cava in 2 cases, at the left border of inferior vena cava in 3 cases, at the anterior border of inferior vena cava in 2 cases, at the anterior border of abdominal aorta in 1 cases and at the right border of abdominal aorta in 3 cases. The distance between the tip of a needle and the anterior border of vertebral body was 10-60 mm with an average of 33. 10±17. 29 mm. The needle tip was within 25 mm left or right to the midline of vertebral body. Conclusion The qi-getting layer of point Zhongwan with deep insertion of an elongated needle is closely related to solar plexus and celiac ganglia.
| 20Rn | 13VC | 20Rn |
| 19Rn | ↑ ← 12VC → ↓ | 19Rn |
|---|---|---|
| 18Rn | 11VC | 18Rn |
| latéral | côté droit | médial |
| Voir l'article :Les points de l'abdomen |
| Acupuncture | Moxibustion | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Piqûre perpendiculaire à 1-2 distances, ou oblique (en direction de la région atteinte) | Chauffer 10 minutes ou cautériser 3 à 7 fois | Roustan 1979 |
| Perpendicular or oblique insertion 0.3-0.5 inch | 5-9 cones; stick 5-10 minutes | Chen 1995 |
| Piqûre perpendiculaire de 1 à 1,5 cun | Moxas : 3 à 5 ; chauffer 15 à 25 mn | Laurent 2000 |
Sensation de puncture
Sécurité
Purpose: To probe into measures of safe Manipulation for deep needling at Zhongwan (CV 12) with elongated needle. Methods: In 25 cases who received deep needling at Zhongwan point with elongated needle, local spiral CT scanning was made after needle insertion to attain a CT image of abdominal transverse section for the pathway of elongated needle, which was used to recognize the needled organs. Results: In the 25 cases and times of acupuncture scanning, the cumulative cases and times of the needled organs recognized were 14 in the body of stomach 12 in transverse colon, 11 in small intestine, 9 in the head of pancreas, 4 in left renal vein, 4 in left lobe of liver, 3 in Spleenic vein and 1 in duodenum. Conclusion: When twirling the needle at a small amplitude, slow insertion of the needle and no-retention of the needle are followed and at the same time, the patient makes even and shallow breathing and at almost fasting state, deep needling at Zhongwan (CV 12) with an elongated needle is safe.
| Classe d'usage | ★★ | point majeur |
|---|
Guillaume 1995 :
| Indication | Association | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Ptose gastrique | 12 VC + Wei Shang (PN 188) + 36E | Roustan 1979 |
| Douleurs de la perforation d'ulcus gastrique | 12 VC + 21E + 25E + 6MC + 36E | Roustan 1979 |
| Ictère | 12 VC + 9VG + 19V | Roustan 1979 |
| Douleurs gastriques | 12 VC + 6MC + 34E | Roustan 1979 |
| Indigestion, dyspepsie | 12 VC + 6Rte | Zi sheng jing (Guillaume 1995) |
| Ictère avec absence de force des quatre membres | 12 VC + 36E | Yu Long jing (Guillaume 1995) |
| Rectorragies | 12 VC + 36E + 6VC | Zhen jiu ju ying (Guillaume 1995) |
| Dyspnée qui entrave la marche | 12 VC + 14F + 9GI | Da Cheng (Guillaume 1995) |
| Diarrhée chronique | 12 VC + 25E + 3VC | Da Cheng (Guillaume 1995) |
| Douleur abdominale | 12 VC + 25E + 4VC + 36E | Zhong hua zhen jiu xue (Guillaume 1995) |
| Occlusion intestinale aiguë | 12 VC + 25E + 6MC + 6VC | Shanghai zhen jiu xue (Guillaume 1995) |
| Convulsions-jing feng lentes | 12 VC + 4VC + 13F + Yin tang-PC1 | Zhong guo zhen jiu xue gai yao (Guillaume 1995) |
| Vomissements | 12 VC + 6MC + 36E + 4Rte | Si ban jiao cai zhen jiu xue (Guillaume 1995) |
Acupuncture at the Zhongwan acupoint has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to relieve symptoms of diabetes mellitus. Our study investigated the effect on plasma glucose of electroacupuncture applied at the Zhongwan acupoint in rat diabetic models. Plasma concentrations of insulin, glucagon and betaendorphin were also determined using radioimmunoassay. A decrease in plasma glucose was observed in rats after electroacupuncture (15 Hz, 10 mA) for 30 min at the Zhongwan acupoint. This was observed in normal rats and rat models with Type II (noninsulindependent) diabetes mellitus. No significant effect on plasma glucose was observed in rat models with Type I (insulindependent) diabetes mellitus: neither the streptozotocin (STZ)induced diabetic rats nor the genetic (BB/W) rats. Further, the hypoglycaemic action of electroacupuncture stimulation disappeared in rats with insulinresistance induced by an injection of human longacting insulin repeated daily to cause the loss of tolbutamideinduced hypoglycaemia. An insulinrelated action can thus be hypothesised. This hypothesis is supported by an increase in plasma insulinlike immunoreactivity after electroacupuncture stimulation in normal rats. Participation of glucagon was ruled out because there was no change in plasma glucagonlike immunoreactivity resulting from electroacupuncture stimulation. In addition to an increase in plasma betaendorphinlike immunoreactivity, the plasma glucose lowering action of electroacupuncture stimulation at Zhongwan acupoint was abolished by naloxone in a sufficient dose to block opioid receptors. Thus we suggest that electroacupuncture stimulation at the Zhongwan acupoint induces secretion of endogenous betaendorphin which reduces plasma glucose concentration in an insulindependent manner.
A decrease in plasma glucose levels was observed in rats which received electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at the Zhongwan acupoint. In the present study, the role of the adrenal gland in this hypoglycemic response to EA at high frequency (15 Hz) was investigated on adrenalectomized (ADX) normal rats. There was a sharper decrease in plasma glucose by EA stimulation in the fasting ADX group than in the fasting sham-operated group. Naloxone blocked this hypoglycemic response to EA stimulation in rats which received ADX. Stimulation of EA failed to elicit an increase in plasma beta-endorphin and insulin levels in ADX rats. Similar results were observed in sham and ADX mice. EA stimulation of ADX mice can reduce plasma glucose levels. Furthermore, naloxone abolished the hypoglycemic response to EA stimulation in mice. Such a hypoglycemic response to EA stimulation was also observed in micro-opioid receptor knockout mice (MOR-KOM). Mediation by another opioid peptide should also be considered in future experiments. We conclude that multiple sources of endogenous opioid peptide participated in the lowering of plasma glucose in rats induced by EA stimulation at higher frequency (15 Hz) at the Zhongwan acupoint. Increase in beta-endorphin levels from the adrenal gland enhances the secretion of insulin, there by reducing plasma glucose levels, and is partially involved in this EA stimulation.
This study was aimed at assessing the physical characteristics underlying the action of moxibustion at acupoints Ren-12 (Zhongwan), St-25 (Tianshu), and St-36 (Zuzanli) in preventing acute injuries of the gastric mucous membrane induced by indomethacin in Wistar rats. Induction of gastric lesions, by means of intragastric administration of indomethacin (100 mg/kg), in adult male Wistar rats was followed by treatment with moxibustion using Artemisia vulgaris dried leaves at 60 or 45◦C, heating with Artemisia vulgaris charcoal at 50◦C, heating with a regular tobacco cigar at 50◦C, and heating with a regular water pad at 50◦C, The effects of the different heating protocols over the gastric lesions were then compared. In addition, another group of animals was pretreated with capsaicin (100 mg/kg, s.c.), in order to lesion C fibers and, 15 days later, subjected to indomethacin administration and moxibustion treatment. Moxibustion was significantly more efficient at 60◦C than at 45◦C in preventing gastric lesions triggered by indomethacin. Moxibustion applied in acupoints provided a significant reduction of the lesion area, which was two times less than that of animals stimulated in a nonacupoint (sham group). Comparing the therapeutic effects provided by different forms of heating over the gastric lesions, the burning of dry leaves of Artem´ısia vulgaris was significantly more efficient in preventing gastric lesions than moxibustion made with Artem´ısia charcoal or tobacco (cigar) or by heating the animal with a water pad. Desensitization of the afferent sensory C fibers by capsaicin significantly diminished the ability of moxibustion to block the lesions in the gastric mucous membrane. Moxibustion can efficiently prevent indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in rats and this effect is dependent on the temperature, the material used for moxibustion, the use of acupuncture points, and the integrity of C fibers.
A large number of studies have been conducted to explore the mechanism of Back-Shu and Front-Mu points. While several lines of evidence addressed the acupuncture information of Shu acupoints and Mu acupoints gathering in the spinal cord, whether the convergence is extended to the high centre still remains unclear. The study selected gastric Mu points (RN12) and gastric Shu points (BL21) regulating gastric motility and its central neural mechanisms as the breakthrough point, using the technique of immunochemistry, nuclei lesion, electrophysiology, and nerve transection. Here, we report that gastric motility regulation of gastric Shu and Mu acupoints and their synergistic effect and the signals induced by electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of acupoints RN12 and RN12 gather in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC), increasing the levels of gastrointestinal hormones in the DVC to regulate gastric motility through the vagus. In sum, our data demonstrate an important role of DVC and vagus in the regulation of gastric motility by EA at gastric Shu and Mu points.
The objective of this work is to study the effect of the moxibustion in the acupointsShu-Mo corresponding to Wei (stomach) and to Xiaochang (smallintestine)in gastrointestinal motility Material- 68 female EPM-I/Wistar rats were used, weight ranging from 195 to 230 grams;pasty substance made of powdered coal (28.57%), powdered Arabic gum (28.57%), and filtered water (42.85%), and moxa in stick.Methods - The animals were kept on a 24 hour fast, randomly distributed in 4 groups of 17 female rats each, submitted the administration of 1.5 ml of the pasty substance of coal, with previous superficial anesthesia of sulfuric ether, and submitted to the following procedures. Control Group (1): The female rats were returned to the cage. MOXA GROUP (11): The female rats were kept under anesthesia with sulfuncether, the acupoints B-21 (Weishu), B-27(Xiaochangshu), VC-12 (Zhongwan) and VC-4 (Guanyuan) were located and the moxibustion technique was performed for 5 minutes under narcosis. At the end of moxibustion the female rats were returned to the cage. Sham Group (IlI):non-acupoints were located (bilateral anterior axillary area) and the moxibustion technique was performed for 5 minutes, under narcosis. Ether Group (IV): The female rats were kept under an esthesia with sulfuric ether for 5 minutes. At the end of the scheduled time, they were returned to the cage. All animals in the 4 groups were sacrificed with sulfuric ether in the twentieth minute of the experiment. Surgical removal of the small intestine and clamping of the distal portion reached by the coal were performed, and the progression distance of coal since the pylorus and the total length of the small intestine were measured. Results - Kruskal-WalJis points variance analysis and the multi comparison test showed that groups Control and Moxa did not present much difference, and had an absolute progression of coal that was significantly longer them Sham and Ether groups. As to the length of the small intestine, no significant value among the groups was found. Vanance analysis of Kruskal-WaDispoints showed as regards the percent ratio (coal progression/length of smal intestine), that the Control and Moxa groups did not vary significantly and that they exhibited a significantly higher percent than the values observed in the Sham and Ether Groups.
From 1993 to 1997 the authors had punctured Zhongwan (RN 12) as the main point supplemented with other points in treating 78 cases of alcoholic poisoning. The effect was encouraging: after 3 hours of treatment 72 persons woke up without complications of headache, dizziness, and weariness. Its effective rate in relieving alcoholism was 92.3%.